IPalamente yase-Indonesia yapasisa uMthetho osaYilwayo woKhuseleko lwamaFama nokuXhobisa ngembali.
I-inshorensi yokuhanjiswa komhlaba kunye nezolimo zezona zinto ziphambili ngokubaluleka kulo mthetho mtsha, oza kuqinisekisa ukuba amafama anomhlaba, aphucule umdla wamafama ngemveliso yezolimo kwaye akhuthaze ngamandla uphuhliso lwezolimo.
I-Indonesia yeyona ndawo inkulu kwaye inabantu abaninzi eMzantsi-mpuma Asia.Ngenxa yemozulu entle kunye nendawo entle kakhulu.Ityebile kwi-oyile, iiminerali, amaplanga kunye neemveliso zezolimo.Ezolimo bezisoloko ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kulwakhiwo lwezoqoqosho lwase-Indonesia.Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu eyadlulayo iGDP yase-Indonesia yayingama-45 epesenti yesambuku semveliso yasekhaya.Imveliso yezolimo ngoku ibalelwa kwi-15 lepesenti yeGDP.Ngenxa yobuncinci beefama kunye nemveliso yezolimo enzima kakhulu, kukho ugxininiso olukhulayo ekwandiseni izivuno zezityalo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, kwaye amafama akhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo ngokusebenzisa izichumisi ezingaphili kunye ne-organic.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isichumiso se-organic sibonakalise ngokupheleleyo amandla aso amakhulu emarike.
Uhlalutyo lwemarike.
I-Indonesia ineemeko zendalo ezigqwesileyo zezolimo, kodwa isangenisa izixa ezikhulu zokutya minyaka le.Ukubuyela umva kobugcisa bemveliso yezolimo kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi zizizathu ezibalulekileyo.Ngophuhliso lwe-Belt kunye neNdlela, intsebenziswano yenzululwazi yezolimo neteknoloji yase-Indonesia kunye ne-China iya kungena kwixesha elingenasiphelo.
Guqula inkunkuma ibe bubutyebi.
Zityebile kwimathiriyeli ekrwada ephilayo.
Ngokubanzi, isichumiso sendalo siphuma ikakhulu kwizityalo nakwizilwanyana, ezinjengomgquba wemfuyo kunye neentsalela zezityalo.E-Indonesia, ishishini lokulima likhula ngokukhawuleza, libalelwa kwi-90% yezolimo zizonke kunye ne-10% yoshishino lwemfuyo.Ezona zityalo zithengiswayo eIndonesia yirabha, ikhokhonathi, imithi yesundu, ikokho, ikofu neziqholo.Bavelisa kakhulu minyaka le eIndonesia.Ngokomzekelo, irayisi yayiyeyesithathu ngobukhulu ngo-2014, ivelisa i-70.6 yezigidi zeetoni.Imveliso yerayisi iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-GROSS yase-Indonesia, kwaye imveliso iyanda unyaka nonyaka.Ukulinywa kwerayisi kulo lonke iziqithi malunga ne-10 yezigidi zeehektare.Ukongeza kwirayisi, ukutya okuncinci kwesoya kubalelwa kwi-75% yemveliso yehlabathi, okwenza i-Indonesia ibe ngumvelisi omkhulu wekhadiamom encinci.Ekubeni i-Indonesia ililizwe elikhulu lezolimo, akuthandabuzeki ukuba inezixhobo ezininzi zokuvelisa izichumisi eziphilayo.
Izityalo zomququ.
Umququ wezityalo yimathiriyeli ekrwada ephilayo yokuveliswa kwesichumiso esiphilayo kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini okuvelisa isichumiso.Inkunkuma yezityalo inokuqokelelwa ngokulula ngesiseko sokulima ngokubanzi.I-Indonesia ineetoni ezimalunga nezigidi ezingama-67 zeendiza ngonyaka.I-inventri ye-corn terminal ngo-2013 yayiyi-2.6 yezigidi zeetoni, ingaphezulu kancinane kune-2.5 yezigidi zeetoni zonyaka ophelileyo.Ngokwenyani, nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa komququ wezityalo eIndonesia kuphantsi.
Inkunkuma yesundu.
Imveliso yeoli yesundu eIndonesia iphantse yaphindaphindeka kathathu kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka adluleyo.Indawo yokulima imithi yesundu iyakhula, imveliso iyanda, kwaye ikwanamandla athile okukhula.Kodwa banokuyisebenzisa njani kakuhle inkunkuma yemithi yesundu?Ngamanye amazwi, oorhulumente namafama kufuneka bafumane eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulahla inkunkuma yeoli yesundu baze bayiguqule ibe yinto yexabiso.Mhlawumbi ziyakwenziwa zibe sisibaso segranular, okanye ziyakuvundiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwisichumiso esifumaneka kurhwebo esingumgubo.Kuthetha ukuguqula inkunkuma ibe bubutyebi.
Iqokobhe leKhokhonathi.
I-Indonesia ityebile ngeekhokhonathi kwaye lelona lizwe livelisa iikhokhonathi.Imveliso ngo-2013 yayiziitoni ezizigidi ezili-18.3.Iqokobhe le-coconut yenkunkuma, idla ngokuba ngumxholo we-nitrogen ophantsi, kodwa i-potassium ephezulu, isiqulatho sesilicon, i-carbon nitrogen iphezulu ngokwentelekiso, yinto engcono ye-organic ekrwada.Ukusetyenziswa okukuko kwamaqokobhe ekhokhonathi akuncedi kuphela amafama ukusombulula iingxaki zenkunkuma, kodwa asebenzise ngokupheleleyo inkunkuma ukuze aguqulele kwiinzuzo zoqoqosho.
Ilindle lezilwanyana.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje i-Indonesia izinikele ekuphuhliseni imveliso yemfuyo kunye neenkukhu.Inani leenkomo liye landa ukusuka kwi-6.5 yezigidi ukuya kwi-11.6 yezigidi.Inani leengulube lenyuka ukusuka kwi-3.23 yezigidi ukuya kwi-8.72 yezigidi.Inani leenkuku zizigidi ezingama-640.Ngokunyuka kwenani lemfuyo kunye neenkukhu, inani lemfuyo kunye nomgquba weenkukhu liye landa kakhulu.Sonke siyazi ukuba inkunkuma yezilwanyana inezondlo ezininzi ezinegalelo kwimpilo nasekukhuleni ngokukhawuleza kwezityalo.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ayilawulwa kakuhle, inkunkuma yezilwanyana ibeka ingozi kwindalo kunye nempilo yabantu.Ukuba umgquba awuphelelanga, awulungelanga izityalo, kwaye usenokwenzakalisa ukukhula kwezityalo.Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kuyenzeka kwaye kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo imfuyo kunye nomgquba weenkukhu eIndonesia.
Ukususela kwesi sishwankathelo singasentla, kunokubonwa ukuba ezolimo luyinkxaso eqinile kuqoqosho lwelizwe lwase-Indonesia.Ngoko ke, zombini izichumisi eziphilayo kunye nesichumiso zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umgangatho kunye nobuninzi bezityalo.Ukuvelisa izixa ezikhulu zeendiza zezityalo nyaka ngamnye, nto leyo ebonelela ngokuyintabalala yemathiriyeli ekrwada ukuveliswa kwezichumisi eziphilayo.
Uyijika njani le nkunkuma yendalo ibe zizichumisi ezixabisekileyo?
Ngethamsanqa, ngoku kukho izisombululo ezizezona zilungileyo zokujongana nale nkunkuma yendalo (inkunkuma yeoli yesundu, iindiza zezityalo, amaqokobhe ekhokhonathi, inkunkuma yezilwanyana) ukuvelisa isichumiso esiphilayo kunye nokuphucula umhlaba.
Apha sikubonelela ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo yokulahla inkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo - ukusetyenziswa kwemigca yemveliso ye-organic fertilizer yonyango kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe inkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo, kungekhona nje ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwindalo, kodwa nokuguqula inkunkuma ibe yindyebo.
Umgca wokuvelisa izichumiso zendalo.
Khusela okusingqongileyo.
Abavelisi bezichumiso ze-Organic bangakwazi ukuguqula inkunkuma ye-organic ibe yi-organic fertilizer, kungekhona nje ukulawula izondlo zesichumisi ngokulula, kodwa kunye nokuvelisa i-granular organic fertilizer eyomileyo yokupakishwa, ukugcinwa, ukuthutha kunye nokuthengisa.Akukho ukukhanyela ukuba isichumisi se-organic sinesondlo esibanzi kunye nesilungeleleneyo kunye nefuthe lesichumisi esihlala ixesha elide.Xa kuthelekiswa nesichumiso, isichumiso esiphilayo sineenzuzo ezingenakubuyiselwa, ezingenakuphucula kuphela ubume bomhlaba kunye nomgangatho, kodwa zibonelela ngezondlo zezityalo, ezibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwezolimo eziphilayo, eziluhlaza kunye nongcoliseko.
Yenza inzuzo yezoqoqosho.
Abavelisi bezichumiso zendalo banokwenza ingeniso enkulu.Isichumisi se-Organic sinethemba lemarike ebanzi ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo ezingenakulinganiswa zokungangcolisi, umxholo ophezulu we-organic kunye nexabiso eliphezulu lesondlo.Kwangaxeshanye, ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwezolimo eziphilayo kunye nokwanda kwemfuno yokutya okuphilayo, imfuno yesichumisi esiphilayo nayo iya kwanda.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-22-2020