Ukulahlwa kokutya kuye kwanda njengoko abantu behlabathi besanda kwaye nezixeko zisanda ngobukhulu.Izigidi zeetoni zokutya zilahlwa kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma ehlabathini lonke nyaka ngamnye.Phantse i-30% yeziqhamo zehlabathi, imifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo, inyama kunye nokutya okupakishiweyo kulahlwa minyaka le.Inkunkuma yokutya iye yaba yingxaki enkulu yokusingqongileyo kwilizwe ngalinye.Izixa ezikhulu zokulahlwa kokutya zibangela ungcoliseko olukhulu, olulonakalisa umoya, amanzi, umhlaba kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo.Kwelinye icala, inkunkuma yokutya iqhekeza i-anaerobicly ukuvelisa iigesi ze-greenhouse ezifana ne-methane, i-carbon dioxide kunye nezinye izinto ezikhutshwayo eziyingozi.Inkunkuma yokutya ivelisa iitoni ezizibhiliyoni ezi-3.3 zeegesi zegreenhouse.Inkunkuma yokutya, kwelinye icala, iphoswa kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma ethatha imihlaba emikhulu, ivelisa igesi yokulahla kunye nothuli oludadayo.Ukuba inkunkuma eveliswa ngexesha lokulahla inkunkuma ayiphathwa kakuhle, iya kubangela ungcoliseko lwesibini, ungcoliseko lomhlaba kunye nongcoliseko lwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba.
Ukutshiswa kwenkunkuma kunye nokulahla inkunkuma kunezithintelo ezinkulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi kwenkunkuma yokutya kuya kuba negalelo ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo evuselelekayo.
Indlela inkunkuma yokutya eveliswa ngayo kwisichumiso esiphilayo.
Iziqhamo, imifuno, iimveliso zobisi, iisiriyeli, isonka, amabala ekofu, amaqokobhe amaqanda, inyama kunye namaphephandaba anokuvundiswa.Inkunkuma yokutya yinto ekhethekileyo yokwenza umgquba ongumthombo omkhulu wezinto eziphilayo.Inkunkuma yokutya ibandakanya izinto zekhemikhali ezifana nesitatshi, iselulosi, iiproteni lipids kunye neetyuwa ezingaphiliyo, kunye nezinto zokulandelela ezifana,,,,,, N,P,,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,K, njl njl. Inkunkuma yokutya iphezulu. ukuya kwi-85% enokubola.Ineempawu zomxholo ophezulu we-organic, umthamo wamanzi aphezulu kunye nezakhamzimba ezininzi, kwaye inexabiso eliphezulu lokuphinda lisetyenziswe.Ngenxa yokuba inkunkuma yokutya ineempawu zokufuma okuphezulu kunye nesakhiwo somzimba esisezantsi, kubalulekile ukuxuba inkunkuma yokutya okutsha kunye ne-ejenti yokukhukhumala, efunxa amanzi amaninzi kwaye yongeza isakhiwo sokuxuba.
Inkunkuma yokutya inamanqanaba aphezulu ezinto eziphilayo, kunye neprotheni ekrwada i-15% - 23%, amafutha kwi-17% - 24%, iiminerali kwi-3% - 5%, i-Ca i-54%, i-sodium chloride ye-3% - 4%; njl.
Inkqubo yeteknoloji kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumene nokuguqulwa kwenkunkuma yokutya ibe sisichumisi esiphilayo.
Kwaziwa kakuhle ukuba izinga eliphantsi lokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yokulahla inkunkuma ibangela ungcoliseko kokusingqongileyo.Ngoku, amanye amazwe ahambele phambili kwezoqoqosho aye aseka inkqubo yokucocwa kwenkunkuma yokutya ephilileyo.EJamani, umzekelo, inkunkuma yokutya iphathwa ikakhulu ngokwenza umgquba kunye nokuvundiswa kwe-anaerobic, ukuvelisa malunga ne-5 yezigidi zeetoni zesichumiso esivela kwinkunkuma yokutya ngonyaka.Ngokudibanisa inkunkuma yokutya e-UK, malunga ne-20 yezigidi zeetoni ze-CO2 ezikhutshwayo zinokuncitshiswa nyaka ngamnye.Umgquba usetyenziswa phantse kwi-95% yezixeko zase-US.Ukwenza umgquba kunokuzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeenzuzo zokusingqongileyo, kuquka nokunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwamanzi, kwaye iinzuzo zoqoqosho zininzi.
Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
Amanzi yinxalenye esisiseko yenkunkuma yokutya ebalelwa kuma-70% -90%, ngunobangela womgangatho wokulahlwa kokutya.Ngoko ke, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni lelona khonkco libalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuguqula inkunkuma yokutya ibe sisichumiso esiphilayo.
Isixhobo sokulahla ukutya kwangaphambili linyathelo lokuqala lokunyanga inkunkuma yokutya.Ngokukodwa ibandakanya: umatshini we-oblique sieve dewatering, i-splitter, inkqubo yokwahlula ngokuzenzekelayo, isahluli solwelo oluqinileyo, i-oyile kunye ne-separator yamanzi, itanki yokubilisa.
Inkqubo esisiseko inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo alandelayo: .
1. Inkunkuma yokutya kufuneka iphelelwe ngamanzi kuqala kuba inamanzi amaninzi.
2. Ukususwa kwenkunkuma engonakaliyo kwinkunkuma yokutya, njengesinyithi, iinkuni, iiplastiki, amaphepha, amalaphu, njl.njl., ngokuhlelwa.
3. Inkunkuma yokutya iyakhethwa kwaye yondliwa kwi-spiral solid liquid separator yokutyumza, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokunciphisa amafutha.
4. Iintsalela zokutya ezicudiweyo zomiswe kwaye zifakwe inzalo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukususa ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-pathogenic microorganisms.Ubuhle kunye nokoma kokulahlwa kokutya okufunekayo ekuhlanganiseni umgquba, kunye nenkunkuma yokutya, kunokondliwa ngokuthe ngqo kwitanki yokuvubela ngokusebenzisa ibhanti lokuhambisa.
5. Amanzi asuswe kwinkunkuma yokutya ngumxube weoli kunye namanzi, ahlulwe ngumhlukanisi wamanzi oyile.I-oyile eyahluliweyo icutshungulwa nzulu ukufumana i-biodiesel okanye i-oyile yoshishino.
Isixhobo sineenzuzo zemveliso ephezulu, ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo, iindleko eziphantsi kunye nomjikelezo omfutshane wokuvelisa.Ngonyango olungenabungozi lokunciphisa izixhobo kunye nokuchithwa kokutya, ukungcola kwesibini okubangelwa yinkunkuma yokutya kwinkqubo yokuthutha kuyagwenywa.Kukho iimodeli ezininzi zokukhetha kwifektri yethu, njenge-500kg / h, 1t / h, 3t / h, 5t / h, 10t / h, njl.
Umgquba.
Itanki yokuvubela luhlobo lwetanki yokubilisa evalwe ngokupheleleyo kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yobushushu obuphezulu be-aerobic fermentation, ethatha indawo yobuchwepheshe bemveli bokwenza umgquba.Ukushisa okuphezulu okuvaliweyo kunye nenkqubo yokudibanisa ngokukhawuleza kwi-tank ivelisa umquba ophezulu, onokuthi ulawulwe ngokuchanekileyo, ubole ngokukhawuleza kwaye umgangatho wemveliso uzinzile.
Umgquba okwisikhongozelo ubekwe wodwa ngobushushu, kwaye ulawulo lobushushu ngexesha lokwenziwa komgquba lungundoqo.Ngokugcina ezona meko zilungileyo zobushushu bokusebenza kwe-microbial, i-organic matter inokubola ngokukhawuleza kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu bokuvala inzala, amaqanda kunye nembewu yokhula inokufezekiswa ngaxeshanye.Ukuvubela kuqalwa ziintsholongwane ezivele ngokwemvelo kwinkunkuma yokutya eziqhekeza izinto zomgquba, zikhupha izondlo, zinyuse ubushushu ziye kuma 60-70 degrees C ezifunekayo ukubulala imbewu ye-pathogensandweed, kunye nokuthobela imigaqo yokunyangwa kwenkunkuma ephilayo.Inkunkuma yokutya inokuvundiswa ngeentsuku ezi-4 kuphela kusetyenziswa iitanki zokuvundisa.Emva kweentsuku ezi-4-7 kuphela, umgquba ubole ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ukhululwe, kwaye umgquba obolileyo awunavumba kwaye uhlanjululwe nge-disinfected ukuze ube nobutyebi kwi-organic nutrient balance.Le mveliso yomgquba ayinancasa, ingenazintsholongwane, ayigcini nje ngokugcina umhlaba wetiphu ukukhusela okusingqongileyo, kodwa iza kuzisa iinzuzo ezithile kwezoqoqosho.
Igranulation.
Isichumiso se-organic sikwindawo ebalulekileyo kwimarike yesichumisi kwihlabathi liphela.Isitshixo sokuphucula umthamo wemveliso yesichumisi esiphilayo kukukhetha umatshini ochanekileyo wokuxutywa kwesichumiso.I-granulation yinkqubo yokwenza iincinci ezincinci zezinto eziphilayo, ezinokuphucula ukusebenza kwezinto eziphilayo ezinokuthi zithintele iibhloko ekunyuseni ukuhamba, ukwenzela ukuba izicelo ezincinci zibe lula ukulayisha, ukuthutha kunye nokunye.Zonke iimathiriyeli ekrwada zinokubunjwa zibe zizichumisi eziphilayo ezingqukuva ngokusebenzisa indlela yethu ye-organic fertilizer granulation.Amazinga e-granulation yezinto eziphathekayo anokuya kuthi ga kwi-100% kwaye umxholo we-organic unokuba mkhulu njenge-100%.
Kumafama amakhulu, imbudumbudu yokusetyenziswa kwemarike ibalulekile.Oomatshini bethu banokuvelisa izichumisi eziphilayo ze-0.5mm-1.3mm,, 1.3mm-3mm,, 2mm-5mm ngobukhulu obuhlukeneyo.I-granulation ye-organic fertilizers inika ezinye zezona ndlela zinokwenzeka zokuxuba iiminerali ukuvelisa iintlobo zezichumisi ezinomsoco, okuvumela ukuba ubungakanani obukhulu bugcinwe kwaye bupakishwe ukuze kube lula ukuthengisa kunye nokusetyenziswa.Izichumisi ze-organic granular zilula ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kokuvumba okungathandekiyo, imbewu yokhula kunye ne-pathogens, kwaye ukubunjwa kwabo kuyaziwa.Xa kuthelekiswa nenkunkuma yezilwanyana, Umxholo wabo we-nitrogen N ngamaxesha angama-4.3 angaphambili, umxholo we-phosphorus P2O5 uphindwe ka-4 kule yokugqibela, kunye nomxholo we-potassium K2O ngu-8.2 wamaxesha amva.Isichumisi sezinto eziphilayo siphucula imveliso yomhlaba, imbonakalo yomhlaba, iikhemikhali, iimpawu ze-microbiological kunye nokufuma, umoya kunye nobushushu ngokunyusa umgangatho we-humus, ngelixa unyusa isivuno sesityalo.
Yomile kwaye ipholile.
Ngexesha lemveliso yesichumiso esiphilayo, zombini i-tumble dryer kunye ne-cooler zisetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo.Ukunciphisa ukufuma kwamasuntswana e-organic fertilizer kunye nokunciphisa ubushushu bamasuntswana ukufezekisa injongo yokukhupha inzalo.La manyathelo mabini anciphisa ilahleko yezondlo kwisichumiso esiphilayo ukwenza amasuntswana afane kwaye agudileyo.
Sieve iphakheji.
Inkqubo yokuhlola iqhutyelwa yi-roller sieve subsecond ukucoca amaqhekeza angahambelaniyo.Iinqununu ezingahambelaniyo ziya kuthuthwa ngumqhubi ukuya kwi-blender ukuze kuhlaziywe, kwaye isichumisi esifanelekileyo se-organic siya kufakwa ngumatshini wokupakisha ngokuzenzekelayo.
Uxhamle kwisichumiso esiphilayo ekutyeni.
Ukuguqula inkunkuma yokutya ibe zizichumisi eziphilayo kunokudala inzuzo yezoqoqosho kunye nendalo enokuthi iphucule impilo yomhlaba kwaye incede ukunciphisa ukhukuliseko kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi.Irhasi yendalo ehlaziyekayo kunye neefuel zebhayoloji nazo zinokuveliswa kwinkunkuma yokutya esetyenzisiweyo, enokunceda ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse kunye nokuxhomekeka kumafutha efosili.
Isichumisi sendalo sesona sondlo somhlaba kwaye sineenzuzo ezininzi emhlabeni.Ingumthombo olungileyo wesondlo sezityalo, kuquka i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium kunye ne-micronutrients, eziyimfuneko ekukhuleni kwezityalo.Iyakwazi nokulawula ezinye izitshabalalisi zezityalo kunye nezifo, kodwa iphinde yehlise imfuno yeentlobo ngeentlobo zokubulala ukungunda kunye nemichiza.Izichumisi zendalo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ziya kusetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwamasimi, kubandakanywa imiboniso yeentyatyambo kwezolimo, iifama kunye neendawo zikawonke-wonke, eziya kuzisa inzuzo yezoqoqosho ngokuthe ngqo kubavelisi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-22-2020