Isihluzi Sokwenza Inkqubo Yokwenza Isichumisi sodaka kunye neMolasses

I-Sucrose yenza i-65-70% yemveliso yeswekile yehlabathi.Inkqubo yemveliso ifuna umphunga kunye nombane omninzi, kwaye ivelisa iintsalela ezininzi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo emvelisoekwangelo xesha.

Ubume beMveliso yeSucrose kwihlabathi

Kukho amazwe angaphezu kwekhulu kwihlabathi jikelele avelisa i-sucrose.IBrazil, iIndiya, iThailand kunye neOstreliya zezona zivelisa kunye nokuthengisa iswekile kumazwe angaphandle.Imveliso yeswekile eveliswa ngala mazwe ibalelwa kwi-46% yemveliso yehlabathi kunye nenani lilonke leeswekile ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle zibalelwa kuma-80% okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kumazwe angaphandle.Imveliso yeswekile yaseBrazil kunye nomthamo wokuthengisa kumazwe angaphandle ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala emhlabeni, ibalelwa kwi-22% yesucrose yonyaka iyonke imveliso yehlabathi kunye ne-60% yetotali yokuthengisa kumazwe angaphandle.

Iimveliso zeswekile/Iswekile kunye noKuqulunqwa

Kwinkqubo yokulungiswa kommoba, ngaphandle kweemveliso eziphambili ezifana neswekile emhlophe kunye neswekile emdaka, kukho izinto ezi-3 eziphambili eziphumayo:ingxowa yommoba, udaka locinezelo, kunye nemolasi ye-blackstrap.

◇Ingxowa yeswekile:
I-Bagasse yintsalela ye-fibrous evela kummoba emva kokukhupha incindi yommoba.Ingxowa yommoba ingasetyenziswa kakuhle kakhulu ukwenza isichumiso esiphilayo.Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni i-bagasse iphantse ibe yi-cellulose ecocekileyo kwaye iqulethe phantse akukho izondlo ayisosichumisi esisebenzayo, ukongezwa kwezinye izondlo kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi izinto ezityebileyo zenitrogen, ezifana nezinto eziluhlaza, ubulongwe benkomo, umgquba wehagu njl.njl., ukwenza ezo zinto. ibolile.

◇I-Sugar Mill Cinezela udaka:
Cinezela udaka, intsalela enkulu yemveliso yeswekile, yintsalela evela kunyango lwencindi yeswekile ngokuhluzwa, kubalelwa kwi-2% yobunzima bomoba otyunyuziweyo.Ikwabizwa ngokuba ludaka lokucoca iswekile, udaka lokuxova iswekile, udaka lokucoca iswekile, ikeyiki yokuhluza iswekile, udaka lwesihluzo somoba.
Ikeyiki yesihluzi (udaka) ibangela ungcoliseko olubalulekileyo, kwaye kwiifektri ezininzi zeswekile ithathwa njengenkunkuma, ibeka iingxaki zolawulo kunye nokulahlwa kokugqibela.Ingcolisa umoya kunye namanzi angaphantsi komhlaba ukuba ufumba udaka lwesihluzo ngokungalindelekanga.Ke ngoko, unyango lodaka lucinezela ngumba ongxamisekileyo wokucoca iswekile kunye namasebe okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kodaka lokucoca isihluzi
Ngokwenyani, ngenxa yokuqulatha isixa esikhulu sezinto eziphilayo nezimbiwa ezifunekayo kwisondlo sezityalo, ikeyiki yesihluzi sele isetyenziswa njengesichumisi kumazwe aliqela, aquka iBrazil, i-Indiya, i-Australia, iCuba, iPakistan, iTaiwan, uMzantsi Afrika, neArgentina.Isetyenziswe njengento epheleleyo okanye inxalenye yendawo yezichumisi zeminerali ekulinyweni kommoba, nasekulinyweni kwezinye izityalo.

Ixabiso lesihluzo Cofa udaka njengesichumiso
Umlinganiselo wesivuno seswekile kunye nodaka lokucoca (umthamo wamanzi 65%) umalunga ne-10: 3, oko kukuthi iitoni ezili-10 zemveliso yeswekile inokuvelisa i-1 toni yodaka lokucoca elomileyo.Kwi-2015, imveliso epheleleyo yeswekile emhlabeni i-0.172 yeetoni zeebhiliyoni, kunye neBrazil, i-Indiya kunye ne-China emele i-75% yemveliso yehlabathi.Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga ne-5.2 yezigidi zeetoni zodaka lokushicilela kuveliswa eIndiya minyaka le.
Phambi kokwazi ukuba uphathwa njani ngokusingqongileyo, ucofe udaka okanye ucinezele ikeyiki, Makhe sibone ngakumbi malunga nokwakheka kwayo ukuze kufumaneke isisombululo esinokwenzeka kungekudala!

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali zodaka lweSweba:

Ukubona ukusuka phezulu, Cinezela udaka luqulethe ubuninzi bezondlo ze-organic kunye nezimbiwa, ngaphandle kwe-20-25% ye-organic carbon.Udaka lwe-press lutyebile kwi-potassium, i-sodium, kunye ne-phosphorus.Ingumthombo otyebileyo we-phosphorus kunye ne-organic matter kwaye inomthamo omkhulu wokufuma, nto leyo eyenza ibe sisichumiso esixabisekileyo somgquba!Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kusenzelwa isichumisi, kuzo zombini iifom ezingalungiswanga kwaye zicutshungulwe.Iinkqubo ezisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ixabiso layo lesichumisi
ziquka ukuvundisa, unyango kunye ne-microorganisms kunye nokuxuba kunye ne-distillery effluents

◇IiMolasses zommoba:
I-Molasses yimveliso eyohlulwe kwi-'C' yeswekile ngexesha lokugxilwa kweekristale zeswekile.Isivuno semolasi ngetoni nganye yomoba sikuluhlu lwesi-4 ukuya kwi-4.5%.Ikhutshwa kumzi-mveliso njengenkunkuma.
Nangona kunjalo, imolasi ngumthombo olungileyo, okhawulezayo wamandla kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zentsholongwane kunye nobomi bomhlaba kwingqumba yomgquba okanye emhlabeni.I-Molasses ine-27: 1 yekhabhoni kwi-nitrogen ration kwaye iqulethe malunga ne-21% yekhabhoni enyibilikayo.Ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa ukubhaka okanye ukuvelisa i-ethanol, njengesithako kwisondlo senkomo, kunye nesichumisi "se-molasses-based".

Ipesenti yezondlo ezikhoyo kwiMolasses

Isihluzi Sokucofa udaka kunye neNkqubo yokuVelisa isichumisi seMolasses

◇Ukwenza umgquba
Kuqala udaka lweswekile (87.8%), izinto zekhabhoni (9.5%) ezifana nomgubo wengca, umgubo westraw, i-germ bran, ingqolowa yengqolowa, umququ, i-sawdust njl., iimolasi (0.5%), i-superphosphate eyodwa (2.0%) udaka lwesulfure (0.2%), lwaxutywa ngokucokisekileyo kwaye lwafunjwa malunga ne-20m ubude ngaphezu komgangatho womhlaba, 2.3-2.5m ububanzi kunye ne-5.6m ukuphakama ngokwesangqa sesangqa. idata yeparameter ye-compost turner oyisebenzisayo)

Ezi mfumba zanikwa ixesha lokuba zihlanganiswe kwaye zigqibezele inkqubo yokwetyisa malunga neentsuku ezili-14-21.Ngexesha lokufumba, umxube uxutywe, ujike kwaye unkcenkceshelwe emva kweentsuku ezintathu ukugcina umswakama we-50-60%.I-compost turner yayisetyenziselwa inkqubo yokuguqula ukugcina ukufana kunye nokuxuba ngokucokisekileyo.(iingcebiso: i-compost windrow turner inceda umxube womvelisi wesichumiso kwaye ujike umgquba ngokukhawuleza, uyasebenza kwaye uyimfuneko kumgca wokuvelisa isichumiso)
Imiqathango yokuGqibela
Ukuba ukufuma kuphezulu kakhulu, ixesha lokubilisa liyandiswa.Isiqulatho samanzi asezantsi eludakeni sinokubangela ukubilisa okungaphelelanga.Indlela yokugweba ukuba i-compost ikhulile?Umgquba okhulileyo ubonakala ngokumila okuxekethileyo, umbala ongwevu (ucoliweyo ube yi taupe) kwaye akukho vumba.Kukho ubushushu obufanayo phakathi komgquba nendawo eyingqongileyo.Ubumanzi bomgquba bungaphantsi kwama-20%.

◇Igranulation
Izinto ezivundisiweyo zithunyelwa kwiIgranulator entsha yesichumiso ephilayoukwenzela ukwenziwa kweegranules.

◇Ukomisa/Ukupholisa
Iigranules ziya kuthunyelwa kwiUmatshini wokomisa igubu elijikelezayo, apha i-molasses (i-0.5 % yezinto eziluhlaza zizonke) kunye namanzi kufuneka atshizwe ngaphambi kokungena kwesomisi.Isisomisi segubu esijikelezayo, esamkela itekhnoloji ebonakalayo ukomisa iigranules, sisetyenziselwa ukwenza iigranules kubushushu obuyi-240-250℃ kunye nokunciphisa ukufuma ukuya kwi-10%.

◇Uvavanyo
Emva kwe-granulation ye-compost, ithunyelwaumatshini wesikrini wegubu elijikelezayo.Umyinge wobungakanani besichumisi sebhayoloji kufuneka ube yi-5mm yedayamitha ukwenzela ukuba umfama akhululeke kunye negranule esemgangathweni.Ubukhulu obugqithisileyo kunye neegranuli ezingaphantsi ziphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona kwiyunithi yegranulation.

◇Ukupakishwa
Imveliso yobungakanani obufunekayo ithunyelwa kuumatshini wokupakisha ozenzekelayo, apho ifakwe kwiingxowa ngokuzaliswa ngokuzenzekelayo.Kwaye ke ekugqibeleni imveliso ithunyelwa kwindawo ezahlukeneyo ukuze ithengiswe.

Isihluzi sodaka lweswekile kunye neMolasses Iimpawu zesichumisi seCompost

1. Uxhathiso oluphezulu lwesifo kunye nokhula oluncinane:
Ngexesha lonyango lokucoca iswekile, ii-microorganisms ziphindaphindeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zivelise inani elikhulu le-antibiotics, iihomoni kunye nezinye i-metabolites ezithile.Ukusebenzisa isichumisi emhlabeni, kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane kunye nokukhula kokhula, ukuphucula izinambuzane kunye nokuxhathisa izifo.Udaka lokucoca olumanzi olungenalo unyango kulula ukugqithisela iintsholongwane, imbewu yokhula kunye namaqanda kwizityalo kwaye kuchaphazele ukukhula kwazo).

2. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwesichumiso:
Njengoko ixesha lokubila liziintsuku ezisi-7-15 kuphela, ligcina izondlo zodaka lokuhluza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.Ngenxa yokubola kwe-microorganisms, iguqula izinto ekunzima ukuzifaka kwizondlo ezisebenzayo.Isichumiso seswekile sodaka lwe-bioorganic sinokudlala ekusebenzeni kwesichumiso ngokukhawuleza kwaye sizalise izondlo ezifunekayo ekukhuleni kwezityalo.Ngoko ke, ukusebenza kakuhle kwezichumiso kuhlala ixesha elide.

3. Ukukhulisa ukuchuma komhlaba kunye nokuphucula umhlaba:
Ukusebenzisa isichumiso sekhemikhali esinye ixesha elide, i-organic matter yomhlaba isetyenziswa ngokuthe ngcembe, nto leyo ekhokelela kwinani lokunciphisa i-microbial eluncedo emhlabeni.Ngale ndlela, umxholo we-enzyme unciphisa kwaye i-colloidal yonakaliswe, ibangela ukuxutywa komhlaba, i-acidification kunye ne-salinization.Isichumiso sodaka esiseludaka siyakwazi ukumanyanisa isanti, udongwe olungagungqiyo, luthintele iintsholongwane, lubuyisele umhlaba okusingqongileyo kwendalo, luphucule ukungeneka komhlaba kwaye luphucule ukukwazi ukugcina amanzi kunye nezondlo.
4. Ukuphucula isivuno kunye nomgangatho:
Emva kokufaka isichumiso se-organic, izityalo zinenkqubo yeengcambu eziphuhlisiwe kunye neentlobo eziqinileyo zamagqabi, ezikhuthaza ukuhluma kwezityalo, ukukhula, ukuqhakaza, ukuqhama kunye nokuvuthwa.Iphucula kakhulu inkangeleko kunye nombala weemveliso zezolimo, inyusa inani leswekile kunye nobumnandi beziqhamo.Isichumiso sodaka se-bio-organic sisetyenzwa njengesiseko jikelele kunye nesinxibo esiphezulu.Ngexesha lokukhula, sebenzisa isichumisi esincinci se-inorganic.Inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokukhula kwesityalo kwaye ifikelele kwiinjongo zokulawula nokusebenzisa umhlaba.

5. Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezolimo
Ukusetyenziswa njengesichumiso esisisiseko kunye ne-topdressing yeswekile, iibhanana, umthi weziqhamo, iimelon, imifuno, isityalo seti, iintyatyambo, iitapile, icuba, ifula, njl.