SucroseI-akhawunti ye-65-70% yemveliso yeswekile yehlabathi, kwaye inkqubo yemveliso ifuna umphunga kunye nombane omningi, kwaye ivelisa intsalela eninzi kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zemveliso.
Iimveliso kunye nezithako zeswekile / sucrose.
Kwinkqubo yokulungiswa kommoba, ngaphezu kweswekile, iswekile kunye nezinye iimveliso eziphambili, kukho i-slag yeswekile, i-sludge, i-black sucrose molasses kunye nezinye iimveliso ezi-3 ezinkulu.
I-slag yeswekile:.
I-slag yeswekile yintsalela yefayibha emva kokutsalwa kwejusi yeswekile.I-slag ye-Sugar cane isetyenziswe kakuhle kwimveliso ye-organic fertilizer.Kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-slag yeswekile iphantse ibe yi-cellulose ecocekileyo, phantse akukho izondlo, ayisichumisi esisebenzayo, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukongeza ezinye izondlo, ngakumbi izinto ezityebileyo ze-nitrogen ezifana ne-green matter, ubulongwe benkomo, umgquba wehagu njalo-njalo ukuwuqhawula. phantsi.
Molasses:.
I-Molasses ziityuwa ezahlulwe kwi-C-grade yeswekile ngexesha le-molasses centriforation.Isivuno ngetoni ye-molasses iphakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-4.5 yeepesenti.Yakhutshwa kumzi-mveliso njengenkunkuma.Nangona kunjalo, imolasi ngumthombo olungileyo kwaye okhawulezayo wamandla kwiintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo kunye nobomi bomhlaba kwiingqumba zomgquba okanye imihlaba.I-Molasses ine-27: 1 ye-carbon-to-nitrogen ration kwaye iqulethe malunga ne-21% ye-carbon enyibilikayo.Ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa ukubhaka okanye ukuvelisa i-ethanol njengesithako kwisondlo senkomo kwaye ikwasisichumiso esisekwe kwimolasses.
Ipesenti yezondlo kwimolasses.
| Hayi. | Isondlo. | % |
| 1 | Sucrose | 30-35 |
| 2 | I-glucose kunye ne-fructose | 10-25 |
| 3 | Amanzi | 23-23.5 |
| 4 | Ngwevu | 16-16.5 |
| 5 | I-calcium kunye ne-potassium | 4.8-5 |
| 6 | Iikhompawundi ezingenashukela | 2-3 |
| 7 | Omnye umxholo weeminerali | 1-2 |
Isihluzi sefektri yeswekileudaka:.
Udaka lokucoca, intsalela ephambili yemveliso yeswekile, yintsalela yonyango lwejusi yeswekile ngokuhluzwa, kubalelwa kwi-2% yobunzima bokutyunyuzwa kommoba.Ikwabizwa ngokuba ludaka lwesihluzo se-sucrose, i-sucrose slag, ikeyiki yesihluzo se-sucrose, udaka lwesihluzo seswekile, udaka lwesihluzo somoba.
Udaka lunokubangela ungcoliseko olubalulekileyo kwaye, kwezinye iindawo zokugaya iswekile, zithathwa njengenkunkuma kwaye zinokubangela ulawulo kunye neengxaki zokugqibela zokulahla.Ukuba ilahlwe ngokuthanda kwayo kunokungcolisa umoya namanzi aphantsi komhlaba.Ngoko ke, unyango lodaka luyiyona nto iphambili kwi-sugar mills kunye namasebe okukhusela indalo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesihluzo sodaka: Enyanisweni, ngenxa yobuninzi bezinto eziphilayo kunye nezimbiwa ezifunekayo kwisondlo sezityalo, iikeyiki zokucoca zisetyenziswe njengezichumisi eBrazil, eIndiya, eOstreliya, eCuba, ePakistan, eTaiwan, eMzantsi Afrika, eArgentina nakwamanye amazwe. .Isetyenziselwa indawo epheleleyo okanye inxalenye yesichumisi seminerali yokulima umoba kunye nezinye izityalo.Ukongeza, i-sludge yimathiriyeli esisiseko yemveliso ye-bio-soil, edityaniswe nentsalela yenkunkuma engamanzi eveliswa kwimisebenzi yedistillery.
Ixabiso lodaka njengento yokwenza umgquba.
Umlinganiselo wemveliso yeswekile kuhluzo lodaka (65% umthamo wamanzi) umalunga ne 10:3, oko kukuthi iitoni ezili-10 zemveliso yeswekile zinokuvelisa itoni enye yodaka lwesihluzo esomileyo.Iyonke imveliso yeswekile yehlabathi kwi-2015 yayiyi-117.2 yezigidi zeetoni, kunye neBrazil, i-Indiya kunye ne-China i-akhawunti ye-75 yeepesenti zemveliso yehlabathi.Kuqikelelwa ukuba iIndiya ivelisa malunga ne-520 yezigidi zeetoni zodaka lokucoca ngonyaka.Ngaphambi kokuba sazi indlela yokulawula i-sludge slag ngokusingqongileyo, kufuneka sifunde ngakumbi malunga nokubunjwa kwayo ukuze sifumane isisombululo esona sisombululo!
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye nokwakheka kwemichiza yodaka lokucoca iswekile: .
| Hayi. | Iiparamitha. | Ixabiso. |
| 1. | Ph. | 4.95 % |
| 2. | Iziqina zizonke. | 27.87 % |
| 3. | Iziqina eziguquguqukayo zizonke. | 84.00 % |
| 4. | COD | 117.60 % |
| 5. | BOD (ubushushu 27 degrees C, iintsuku ezi-5) | 22.20 % |
| 6. | Ikhabhoni yendalo. | 48.80 % |
| 7. | Izinto eziphilayo. | 84.12 % |
| 8. | Nitrogen. | 1.75 % |
| 9. | Iphosphorus. | 0.65 % |
| 10. | Potassium. | 0.28 % |
| 11. | Isodium. | 0.18 % |
| 12. | Icalcium. | 2.70 % |
| 13. | Sulfate. | 1.07 % |
| 14. | Iswekile. | 7.92 % |
| 15. | I-wax kunye namafutha. | 4.65 % |
Ukusuka ngasentla, ukongeza kwi-20-25% yekhabhoni ephilayo, udaka lukwaqulethe umkhondo kunye ne-micronutrients.Udaka lukwatyebile kwi potassium, sodium kunye ne phosphorus.Ityebile kwi-phosphorus kunye nemithombo ye-organic enomthamo omkhulu wokufuma, okwenza ibe yi-compost fertilizer enexabiso!Nokuba akusetyenzwanga okanye kusetyenzwe ngayo.Iinkqubo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyusa ixabiso lesichumisi ziquka ukwenza umgquba, unyango lwe-microbial, kunye nokuxuba ngamanzi amdaka e-distillery...
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwezichumiso zendalo zodaka kunye ne-molasses.
Umgquba.
Isihluzo sokuqala sodaka (87.8%), imathiriyeli yekhabhoni (9.5%) efana nomgubo wengca, umgubo wengca, i-germ bran, ibran yengqolowa, i-safflow, i-sawdust, njl. ), udaka lwesulfure (0.2%), njl.Ingcebiso: Ubude bobude bendlela yomoya kufuneka buhambelane nedatha yeparameter yelori yomgquba oyisebenzisayo.
Nika ixesha elaneleyo lokuba ingqumba ivubele kakuhle kwaye ibole, inkqubo ethatha malunga neentsuku eziyi-14-21.Ngexesha lokwenza umgquba, xuluba phezu kwengqumba kwaye utshize amanzi rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezintathu ukugcina i-50-60% yesiqulatho sokufuma.I-dumper iqinisekisa ukufana kunye nokuxuba ngokucokisekileyo kweemfumba ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza umgquba.Ingcebiso: I-dumper isetyenziselwa ukuxuba okufanayo kunye nokulahla umva ngokukhawuleza, kwaye sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso esiphilayo.
Qaphela: Ukuba isiqulatho sokufuma siphezulu kakhulu, ixesha lokubila lifuna ukwandiswa.Ngokuchasene noko, umthamo wamanzi ophantsi unokukhokelela ekuvundiseni okungaphelelanga.Ndingazi njani ukuba i-compost ibolile?Umgquba obolileyo ubonakala ngokuxega, ungwevu-mdaka, awunavumba, kwaye umgquba uyahambelana nobushushu bendawo engqongileyo.Ubumanzi bomgquba bungaphantsi kwama-20%.
Igranulation.
Umgquba obolileyo uthunyelwa kwinkqubo yokugalelwa - umatshini omtsha we-organic fertilizer granulation.
Ukomisa.
Apha, i-molasses (i-0.5% yempahla ekrwada iyonke) kunye namanzi afafazwa ngaphambi kokungena kwi-dryer ukwenza amasuntswana.Isixhobo esomisayo sisebenzisa iteknoloji yokomisa ngokwasemzimbeni ukwenza amasuntswana kumaqondo obushushu angama-240-250 degrees C kunye nokunciphisa ukufuma ukuya kwi-10%.
Uvavanyo.
Emva kwegranulation, thumela kwinkqubo yokuhlola - i-roller sieve extender.Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo be-bioferts kufuneka bube yi-5mm ububanzi bokubumba amasuntswana kunye nokusetyenziswa.Iincinci ezigqithisiweyo kunye neengqungquthela ezincinci zibuyela kwinkqubo ye-granulation.
Ukupakishwa.
Iinqununu ezihambelana nobukhulu zithunyelwa kwinkqubo yokupakisha - umatshini wokupakisha ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokuzaliswa ngokuzenzekelayo kweengxowa, imveliso yokugqibela ithunyelwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Iimpawu kunye nemisebenzi yesichumiso esiphilayo sodaka lokucoca.
- Ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwisifo:
Kwinkqubo yonyango lwe-sludge, ii-microorganisms zanda ngokukhawuleza, zivelisa ubuninzi be-antibiotics, i-hormone kunye nezinye i-metabolites ezithile.Ukusebenzisa isichumiso emhlabeni kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukukhula kweentsholongwane kunye nokhula kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwezinambuzane kunye nezifo.Udaka olumanzi alunyangwa kwaye lunokugqithisa lula iintsholongwane, imbewu yokhula kunye namaqanda kwizityalo, okuchaphazela ukukhula kwazo.
- Ukutyeba okuphezulu:
Ekubeni ixesha lokuvutshelwa liyi-7-15 kuphela iintsuku, ngokusemandleni ukugcina izondlo zodaka lokucoca, kunye nokubola kwe-microorganisms, kunzima ukufunxa izinto eziphathekayo kwizondlo ezisebenzayo.Isichumiso esihluzwa ngodaka sinokuphinda sizalise izondlo ezifunekayo ekukhuleni kwesityalo kwaye siphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwesichumiso.
- Ukuphucula ukuchuma komhlaba kunye nokuphucula umhlaba:
Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide isichumisi enye, uya kudla ngokuthe ngcembe ukuchuma komhlaba, ukuze microorganisms umhlaba ukunciphisa, ukuze umxholo enzyme kuncitshiswe, umonakalo colloidal, okubangela ukuqina komhlaba, acidification kunye salinization.Isichumiso sodaka esihluziweyo siyakwazi ukudibanisa isanti, sikhulule udongwe, sithintele iintsholongwane, sibuyisele umhlaba okusingqongileyo kwendalo, siphucule ukutyhubela umhlaba, kwaye siphucule ukukwazi ukugcina ukufuma kunye nezondlo.
- Ukuphucula izivuno zezityalo kunye nomgangatho:
Izondlo zesichumiso sodaka esizihluzayo zifunxwa ngenkqubo yeengcambu eziphuhlileyo kunye nohlobo olomeleleyo lwamagqabi esityalo, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukuntshula, ukukhula, ukuntshula kweentyatyambo, ukuntshula nokuvuthwa kwesityalo.Iphucula kakhulu inkangeleko kunye nombala weemveliso zezolimo kwaye inyusa ubumnandi bomoba kunye neziqhamo.Udaka lwe-bio-organic fertilizer lunokusetyenziswa njengesichumiso esisisiseko, kwixesha lokukhula, inani elincinci lesicelo lingahlangabezana neemfuno zokukhula kwezityalo, ukufezekisa ulawulo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenjongo zomhlaba.
- Isetyenziswa kakhulu:
Ummoba, iibhanana, imithi yeziqhamo, ivatala, imifuno, iti, iintyatyambo, iitapile, icuba, ukutya, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-22-2020