Umgquba womgquba wehagu

Kukwakho neefama ezininzi ezinkulu nezincinane.Ngelixa zihlangabezana neemfuno zabantu zenyama, zikwavelisa isixa esikhulu semfuyo kunye nomgquba weenkukhu.Unyango olufanelekileyo lomgquba alukwazi ukusombulula ngokufanelekileyo kuphela ingxaki yokungcoliseka kwendalo, kodwa luphinde lujike inkunkuma.I-Weibao ivelisa izibonelelo ezininzi kwaye kwangaxeshanye yenza i-ecosystem yezolimo esemgangathweni.

Izichumisi zendalo ziphuma ikakhulu kwizityalo kunye/okanye izilwanyana, kwaye zivundisiwe kwaye zibolile eziqulathe imathiriyeli ephilayo.Umsebenzi wayo kukuphucula ukuchuma komhlaba, ukubonelela ngesondlo sezityalo, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wezityalo.Ilungele izichumisi eziphilayo ezenziwe kwimfuyo kunye nomgquba weenkukhu, iintsalela zezilwanyana kunye nezityalo kunye nezilwanyana kunye nemveliso yezityalo, ezivundisiweyo kwaye zibolile.

Umgquba wehagu unezinto eziphilayo ezincinci kunomgquba wenkomo kwaye ubola ngokukhawuleza.Isichumisi sinomthamo ophezulu we nitrogen kunye ne phosphorus, kwaye izinga lokusebenzisa izondlo zomgquba wehagu yi 70%, isichumisi esibaluleke kakhulu.

Iimbekiselo ze-Intanethi zibonisa ukuba umgquba wezilwanyana ohlukeneyo kufuneka wongezwe kunye nomxholo owahlukileyo wezinto zohlengahlengiso lwekhabhoni ngenxa yemilinganiselo yazo eyahlukileyo ye-carbon-nitrogen.Ngokuqhelekileyo, umlinganiselo we-carbon-nitrogen wokuvundiswa malunga ne-25-35.Umlinganiselo wekhabhoni kwinitrogen womgquba wehagu umalunga ne 16-20.

Umlinganiselo we-carbon-nitrogen womgquba wemfuyo kunye nomgquba weenkukhu ovela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo kunye nokutya okwahlukileyo kuya kwahluka.Kuyimfuneko ukulungisa umlinganiselo we-carbon-nitrogen ukwenza ingqumba ibole ngokwemiqathango yommandla ngamnye kunye ne-carbon-nitrogen ratio yomgquba.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso sehagu:

Ukuvutshelwa→ukutyumza→ukuxuba nokuxuba→igranulation→ukomisa→ukupholisa→ukuhluza→ukupakisha nokugcina impahla.

1. Ukuvubela

Ukuvutshelwa okwaneleyo kusisiseko sokuveliswa kwezichumisi zendalo eziphezulu.Umatshini wokujika imfumba uyakuqonda ukubiliswa okucokisekileyo kunye nokwenza umgquba, kwaye unokuqonda ukujika kwemfumba ephezulu kunye nokuvundiswa, okuphucula isantya sokuvundiswa kwe-aerobic.

2. Ukutyumza

Igrinder isetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso, kwaye inefuthe elihle lokutyumza kwizinto ezimanzi ezifana nomgquba wenkukhu kunye nodaka.

3. Gxuma

Emva kokuba izinto eziluhlaza zityunyuziwe, zixutywa kunye nezinye izinto ezincedisayo ngokulinganayo kwaye emva koko zihlulwe.

4. Igranulation

Inkqubo yegranulation yinxalenye engundoqo yomgca wokuvelisa isichumiso.Igranulator ye-organic fertilizer ifezekisa umgangatho ophezulu we-uniform granulation ngokuxuba okuqhubekayo, ukungqubana, i-inlay, i-spheroidization, i-granulation, kunye noxinaniso.

5. Ukomisa kunye nokupholisa

I-drum dryer yenza ukuba izinto eziphathekayo zidibanise ngokupheleleyo nomoya oshushu kwaye zinciphise umthamo womswakama wamasuntswana.

Ngelixa unciphisa amaqondo obushushu eepellets, isixhobo sokupholisa igubu sinciphisa umthamo wamanzi kwiipellets kwakhona, kwaye malunga ne-3% yamanzi anokususwa ngenkqubo yokupholisa.

6. Uvavanyo

Emva kokupholisa, zonke iipowder kunye neengqungquthela ezingafanelekanga zinokujongwa ngumatshini wokuhluza igubhu.

7. Ukupakishwa

Le yinkqubo yokugqibela yokuvelisa.Umatshini wokupakisha wobungakanani ngokuzenzekelayo unokulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuthutha kunye nokutywina isikhwama.

Ukwaziswa kwezixhobo eziphambili zomgquba wehagu umgca wokuvelisa isichumiso:

1. Izixhobo zokubilisa: umatshini wokuguqula uhlobo lomkhombe, umatshini wokujika wohlobo lokukhasa, ukujika ipleyiti yetsheyini kunye nomatshini wokujula.

2. Izixhobo ze-Crusher: isityuli sezinto ezimanzi semi-manzi, isityuli esithe nkqo

3. Izixhobo zokuxuba: umxube othe tye, umxube we-pan

4. Izixhobo zokuhlola: umatshini wokuhlola igubu

5. Izixhobo zegranulator: igranulator yezinyo eshukumisayo, idisc granulator, i-extrusion granulator, igubu legranulator.

6. Izixhobo zokomisa: Idrum dryer

7. Izixhobo zokupholisa: igubu elipholileyo

8. Izixhobo ezincedisayo: i-solid-liquid separator, i-quantitative feeder, i-automatic quantitative packaging machine, i-belt conveyor.

Ikakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo zokulawula inkqubo yokubila:

Umxholo wokufuma

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe inkqubela phambili egudileyo yokwenza umgquba ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza umgquba, umthamo wamanzi kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuvundisa kufuneka ugcinwe ku-50-60%.Emva koko, umswakama ugcinwa kwi-40% ukuya kwi-50%.Ngokomgaqo, akukho mathontsi amanzi anokuvuza.Emva kokuvundiswa, isiqulatho sokufuma semathiriyeli ekrwada kufuneka silawulwe ngaphantsi kwe-30%.Ukuba ukufuma kuphezulu, kufuneka yomiswe kuma-80°C.

Ulawulo lobushushu

Ubushushu sisiphumo somsebenzi we-microbial.Ukupakisha yenye indlela yokulawula ubushushu.Ngokuguqula i-stack, ubushushu be-stack bunokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo ukwandisa ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kunye nokuvumela umoya omtsha ukuba ungene kwi-stack.Ngokuguquguquka rhoqo, iqondo lobushushu kunye nexesha eliphezulu lobushushu lokubilisa linokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Umlinganiselo wekhabhoni kwinitrogen

Ikhabhoni efanelekileyo kunye nenitrogen ingakhuthaza ukuvubela okugudileyo komgquba.Ii-Microorganisms zenza i-microbial protoplasm kwinkqubo ye-organic fermentation.Abaphandi bacebisa umgquba ofanelekileyo we-C/N we-20-30%.

Umlinganiselo wekhabhoni ukuya kwinitrogen womgquba ophilayo unokuhlengahlengiswa ngokongeza izinto ezinekhabhoni ephezulu okanye ezinenitrogen eninzi.Ezinye izinto ezifana neendiza, ukhula, amasebe afileyo kunye namagqabi angasetyenziswa njengezongezo zekhabhoni ephezulu.Inokukhuthaza ngokufanelekileyo ukukhula kunye nokuveliswa kwe-microorganisms kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuvuthwa komgquba.

Ulawulo lwe-pH

Ixabiso le-pH lichaphazela yonke inkqubo yokuvutshelwa.Kwinqanaba lokuqala le-compost, ixabiso le-pH liya kuchaphazela umsebenzi webhaktheriya.

Ukuzihlangula: Inxalenye yedatha kweli nqaku ivela kwi-Intanethi kwaye yenzelwe ireferensi kuphela.