Isichumisi.

Yintoni isichumiso senitrogen phosphorus potassium?

Isichumiso se-nitrogen.

Iingcambu zezityalo zifunxa isichumiso senitrogen.I-nitrojeni yeyona nxalenye iphambili yeeprotheni (kubandakanywa ezinye ii-enzymes kunye ne-coenzymes), ) i-nucleic acids, kunye ne-phospholipids.Ziyizinto ezibalulekileyo zeprotosotics, i-nucleons kunye ne-biofilms kwaye zidlala indima ephambili kwimisebenzi yobomi bezityalo.I-Nitrogen licandelo le-chlorophylis, ngoko inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokusetyenziswa kwe-photosynth.Amanqanaba e-nitrogen achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukwahlukana kweeseli kunye nokukhula.Ngoko ke, ukunikezelwa kwesichumisi se-nitrogen kubaluleke kakhulu.Urea, ammonium nitrate kunye neammonium sulfate zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezolimo.

Isichumiso sephosphate.

Iphosphorus ikhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu, iintyatyambo, imbewu kunye neziqhamo.I-Phosphorus ibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-metabolic.I-Phosphorus ininzi kwizicubu ezahlulahlulwe kwaye ineyona mveliso ininzi kunye nemisebenzi yobomi.Ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa kwesichumisi se-phosphorus kunempembelelo enhle ekukhuleni kwe-branching, i-branching kunye ne-rooting.I-Phosphorus ikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kunye nokuthuthwa kwe-carbohydrates kunye nokukhula kwembewu, iingcambu kunye neebhubhu.Inokunyusa kakhulu izivuno zezityalo.

-Potash...

I-Potash isetyenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwesiqu, ukuhamba kokufuma kunye neziphumo zeentyatyambo.I-Potassium (K) igxininiswe kwizityalo ikwimo yee-ion kwezona ndawo zichumileyo ebomini besityalo, njengendawo yokukhula, umaleko wokumila, kunye namagqabi.I-Potassium ikhuthaza i-protein synthesis kunye nokuthutha iswekile ukuqinisekisa ukufunxa igazi kwiiseli.

Iinzuzo zesichumiso.

Izichumisi zinceda izityalo zikhule
Ziqulethe enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezondlo eziyimfuneko ekukhuleni, njenge-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium kunye nezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo.Zakuba zigalelwe emhlabeni, ezi zondlo zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokukhula kwezityalo, zizinike izondlo ezingenazo, okanye zizincede zigcine izondlo ezilahlekileyo.Izichumisi zibonelela ngemixube ethile yenitrogen kunye nephosphorus potassium ukunyanga umhlaba ongondlekanga kunye nezityalo.

Isichumiso sifikeleleka kakhulu kunesichumiso esiphilayo.

Izichumisi zihlala zinexabiso eliphantsi kunezichumisi eziphilayo.Kwelinye icala, ukusuka kwinkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso se-organic, akukho nzima ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni isichumisi se-organic sibiza kakhulu: imfuno yeendleko eziphezulu zokufumana izixhobo eziluhlaza zokuvelisa isichumiso se-organic, kunye nolawulo lukarhulumente lwesiqinisekiso se-organic. kweendleko ezibiza kakhulu.

Isichumisi, kwelinye icala, sincinci kuba sinezondlo ezininzi ngeponti yobunzima, ngelixa izondlo ezifanayo zifuna ngaphezulu kwesichumiso sendalo.Kudla ngokuthatha iikhilogram ezimbalwa zesichumiso esiphilayo ukubonelela ngamanqanaba ezondlo zomhlaba ezifanayo njengeponti yesichumisi.Ezi zizathu zibini zichaphazela ngqo ukusetyenziswa kwesichumisi kunye nesichumisi esiphilayo.Ezinye iingxelo zibonisa ukuba imarike yesichumisi yase-US imalunga nama-40 eebhiliyoni zeedola, apho isichumiso se-organic senza malunga ne-60 yezigidi zeedola kuphela.Intsalela sisabelo sazo zonke iintlobo zezichumiso ezenziwe ngabantu.

Ukubonelela ngokuthe ngqo izondlo ezifunekayo kwisityalo.

Ukubonelelwa kwesondlo esikhawulezileyo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokuthengwa kwempahla kukhokelele ekusetyenzisweni ngokubanzi kwezichumisi.Isichumisi siye saba lolona khetho luphambili kwiifama ezininzi, iintendelezo kunye neegadi kunye necandelo eliphambili lokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla kweengca.Kodwa ngaba izichumisi ziyawonakalisa umhlaba nezityalo?Yintoni ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ekusetyenzisweni kwesichumisi??

Iingxaki zokusingqongileyo ezivela ekufakweni kwezichumisi.

Ukungcoliswa kobutyebi bamanzi aphantsi komhlaba.

Ezinye iikhompawundi ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa udibaniso lwesichumiso zinokuba nefuthe elibi kokusingqongileyo nje ukuba ziqukuqelele kwimithombo yamanzi aphantsi komhlaba.I-nitrogen esuka kumhlaba wasefama ompompoza emanzini angaphezulu yenza i-51% yokusebenza komntu.I-ammonia nitrogen kunye ne-nitrojeni ye-nitrous zezona zinto zingcolisa imilambo namachibi, kwaye zezona zinto zibangela ukuba amanzi abe ne-pertrophication kunye nongcoliseko lwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwesakhiwo somhlaba
Ngokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lokusetyenziswa kwesichumisi, i-acidification yomhlaba, ulusu kunye nezinye iingxaki zokusingqongileyo.Ngenxa yesixa esikhulu sesichumiso senitrogen endaweni yesichumiso esiphilayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ulusu oluthile lomhlaba lwetropikhi lube yingozi, kwaye ekugqibeleni lukhokelele ekulahlekeni kwexabiso lezolimo lomhlaba.Iimpembelelo zesichumiso emhlabeni azinakuguqulwa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwezichumisi kuguqula i-pH yomhlaba, kutshabalalisa i-ecosystems ye-microbial enenzuzo, kwandisa izinambuzane kwaye kukhokelela ekukhululweni kweegesi ze-greenhouse.

Iindidi ezininzi zezichumisi zineasidi eninzi, nto leyo ithande ukonyusa ubumuncu bomhlaba, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa izinto eziphilayo eziluncedo kwaye ithintele ukukhula kwezityalo.Ngokutshabalalisa le ecosystem yendalo, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwezichumisi zokwenziwa kunokukhokelela ekugqibeleni ukungalingani kweekhemikhali kwizityalo ze-receptor.

Ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kunokukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kweekhemikhali eziyityhefu ezifana ne-arsenic, i-cadmium kunye ne-uranium emhlabeni.Ezi khemikhali eziyityhefu ekugqibeleni ziya kungena kwiziqhamo kunye nemifuno yakho.

Kukho ukuqonda okuthile ngokusetyenziswa kwesichumisi kwaye kunokuphetshwa ekuthengeni isichumisi.

Inkunkuma engeyomfuneko nayo inokwandisa izivuno zezityalo.

Sebenzisa isichumisi ngokuchanekileyo.

Isichumiso likrele elintlangothi-mbini.Ivelisa kwaye iyonakalisa, kuxhomekeke kwinani lezicelo ...Izichumisi zikhethwa ngokweempawu zomhlaba.

Phambi kokuba uthenge isichumiso, yazi umhlaba pH.Ukuba umhlaba une-acidic, ubuninzi be-organic fertilizer bunokwandiswa, ulawulo lwe-nitrogen lunokugcinwa, kwaye ubuninzi be-phosphorus fertilizer bunokugcinwa.

Indibaniselwano yesichumisi kunye nesichumisi esiphilayo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi eziphilayo kunye nezichumisi kubalulekile kwimveliso yezolimo.Uphando lubonisa ukuba luluncedo ekuguquleni izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.Ngokusetyenziswa kwe-organic fertilizer kunye nesichumiso, ukuhlaziywa kwezinto eziphilayo zomhlaba kunye nokuphuculwa kwekhono lokutshintshiselana komhlaba kunokunceda ukuphucula umsebenzi we-enzyme yomhlaba kunye nokunyusa ukufunxwa kwezondlo kwizityalo.Inceda ukuphucula umgangatho wezityalo, ukwandisa umxholo weprotheyini, i-amino acids kunye nezinye izondlo, kunye nokunciphisa umxholo we-nitrate kunye ne-nitrites kwimifuno kunye neziqhamo.Khetha indlela eyiyo yokuchumisa.

Ngokubhekiselele kubuchule bokuchumisa kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo, umxholo wenitrate wemifuno kunye nezityalo unxulumene ngokusondeleyo neentlobo zenitrogen zomhlaba.Okukhona i-nitrogen iphezulu emhlabeni, iphezulu isiqulatho se-nitrate kwimifuno, ngakumbi kwizigaba zamva.Ngoko ke, ukufakwa kwesichumiso kufuneka kube kwangoko, kungabi kakhulu.Isichumisi se-nitrogen akufanele sifefe, kungenjalo siya kubangela ukuguquguquka okanye ukulahlekelwa.Ngenxa yokuba ukuhamba kwesichumiso se-phosphorus kuphantsi, kufuneka kungcwatywe nzulu kwaye kusetyenziswe.

Isichumisi sikwanefuthe elikhulu kokusingqongileyo.

Izichumisi zinomngcipheko wokungcoliseka kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunye neengxaki zomhlaba ezibangelwayo.Ngoko simele sikuqonde oko kwenzekayo kumhlaba ophantsi kweenyawo zethu ukuze senze ukhetho olufanelekileyo ngokuqonda ngakumbi.

Umgaqo wokuchumisa.

Nciphisa ubungakanani bezichumiso ezisetyenzisiweyo, ngokugalelwa kwezichumiso eziphilayo.Ukuxilongwa kwesondlo kuqhutyelwa ngokwemiqathango yomhlaba wendawo kunye nokuchumisa kwenziwa ngokweemfuno zangempela.Ukwenza ngokwexesha, ngokweemeko zendawo ukukhusela okusingqongileyo.