Iimeko ezaziwayo zomhlaba ezisempilweni zezi:
• Isiqulatho sezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni
* Iibhayom ezityebileyo nezahlukeneyo
* Isingcolisi asigqithi kumgangatho
• Ubume bomhlaba obulungileyo
Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwezichumisi zeekhemikhali kubangela ukuba umhlaba we-humus ungazaliswa kwakhona ngexesha, elingayi kubangela kuphela ukuxutywa komhlaba kunye ne-asidi, kodwa kukhokelela ngokukrakra ekuqhekekeni komhlaba.
Izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni zinokuphucula ngokubonakalayo iimpawu zendalo kunye neekhemikhali zomhlaba, ziphucule ukulinywa komhlaba, zandise amandla okuphuma kwamanzi, ziphucule ugcino lwamanzi omhlaba, ukugcinwa kwesichumiso, unikezelo lwesichumiso, kunye namandla okuthintela imbalela nezikhukhula, nokwandisa imveliso kakhulu.Oku akuthathi ndawo yezichumisi zekhemikhali..
Ukuchumisa ngezichumisi eziphilayo njengeyona nto ingundoqo kunye nezichumisi zeekhemikhali njengezongezelelo kunokuba sisisombululo esihle.
Iziphumo ezininzi ezinkulu zezichumisi eziphilayo!
1. Ukuphucula ukuchuma komhlaba
I-Microbial metabolites iqulethe inani elikhulu le-acids eziphilayo, ezinokunyibilikisa izinto ezilandelwayo ezifana ne-calcium, i-magnesium, i-sulphur, i-copper, i-zinc, i-iron, i-boron, i-molybdenum kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zeminerali kwizityalo, kwaye zinokufunxwa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye zisetyenziswe zizityalo.I-organic matter ekwi-organic fertilizer inyusa isiqulatho se-organic matter emhlabeni, ukuze kuncitshiswe ukudityaniswa komhlaba, kwaye umhlaba wenze i-aggregate structure ezinzileyo.Emva kokusebenzisa i-organic fertilizer, umhlaba uya kukhululeka kwaye uchume.
2. Ukuphucula umgangatho womhlaba kunye nokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwee-microorganisms zomhlaba
Izichumisi zendalo zingenza ukuba iintsholongwane ezisemhlabeni ziphindaphindeke.Ezi microorganisms ziluncedo zinokubolisa i-organic matter emhlabeni, zandise ubume bomhlaba odibeneyo, ziphucule ubume bomhlaba, kwaye ziphinde zenze umhlaba ugubhe kwaye uthambe, kwaye izondlo namanzi azilahleki lula, nto leyo eyandisa ugcino lomhlaba.Umthamo wokugcina amanzi ukuphepha kunye nokuphelisa ukuxinana komhlaba.
3. Ukubonelela ngezondlo ezipheleleyo ezifunwa zizityalo.Izichumisi ze-Organic ziqulethe inani elikhulu lezondlo kunye nokulandelela izinto ezifunekayo kwizityalo.Isichumisi se-organic sibola emhlabeni kwaye sinokuguqulwa sibe yi-humic acids eyahlukeneyo.Luhlobo oluthile lwezinto eziphezulu ze-molecular, ezinempembelelo enhle ye-adsorption kwi-ion yensimbi enzima, enokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo i-poisoning ye-ion metal enzima kwizityalo kwaye ibathintele ekungeneni kwizityalo., Kwaye ukhusele i-rhizomes yezinto ze-humic acid.
4. Ukwandisa amandla ezityalo ukumelana nezifo, imbalela kunye nezikhukula
Isichumisi se-Organic siqulethe izinto ezahlukeneyo zokulandela umkhondo, ii-antibiotics, njl., ezinokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwezityalo kunye nokunciphisa okanye ukuthintela ukwenzeka kwezifo.Emva kokuba isichumiso sendalo sigalelwe emhlabeni, sinokwandisa umthamo wogcino lwamanzi emhlabeni, kwaye kwimeko yembalela, sinokwandisa ukuxhathisa kwezityalo kwimbalela.
5. Ukuphucula ukhuseleko lokutya kunye nohlaza
Ekubeni kukho izondlo ezahlukeneyo kwizichumisi eziphilayo, kwaye ezi zinto aziyityhefu ngokupheleleyo, azinabungozi, kwaye azingcolisi izinto zendalo, oku kubonelela ngeemeko eziyimfuneko zokuveliswa kokutya okuluhlaza okuphezulu, okukumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokungangcolisi. .
6. Nciphisa ilahleko yezondlo kwaye uphucule ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso
7. Yandisa izivuno zezityalo
Iimicroorganisms eziluncedo kwisichumiso esiphilayo zisebenzisa i-organic matter emhlabeni ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokukhula, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweziqhamo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweentyatyambo kunye nokumiselwa kweziqhamo, ukwandisa inani leentyantyambo, ukugcinwa kweziqhamo, ukwandisa isivuno, ukwenza isiqhamo sityebe, sisitsha kwaye ithenda, kwaye inokuthengiswa kwangethuba.Ukwandisa imveliso kunye nengeniso.
Iingenelo zezichumiso zendalo ezinemichiza yezichumisi:
1. Isichumisi sekhemikhali sinomxholo ophezulu wezondlo kunye nefuthe lesichumisi esikhawulezayo, kodwa ubude bufutshane.Isichumisi se-organic sichasene noko.Ukusetyenziswa okuxutyiweyo kwesichumiso esiphilayo kunye nesichumisi sekhemikhali kunokuncedisana kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zesondlo sezityalo kwixesha ngalinye lokukhula.
2. Emva kokuba isichumisi sekhemikhali sigalelwe emhlabeni, ezinye izondlo ziyafunxwa okanye zilungiswe ngumhlaba, nto leyo enciphisa ukufumaneka kwezondlo.Xa ixutywe nezichumisi ze-organic, indawo yokudibanisa yezichumisi zemichiza kunye nomhlaba unokuncitshiswa, kunye nokusebenza kwezondlo kunokuphuculwa.
3. Izichumisi eziqhelekileyo zeekhemikhali zine-solubility ephezulu, ebangela uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-osmotic emhlabeni, kwaye luchaphazela ukufunxwa kwezondlo kunye namanzi ngezityalo.Ukudibanisa nesichumiso esiphilayo kunokoyisa le ngxaki kwaye kukhuthaze ukufunxwa kwezondlo kunye namanzi zizityalo.
4. Ukuba umhlaba usetyenziswe kuphela ngezichumisi ezi-acidic, emva kokuba i-ammonium ixutywe zizityalo, iingcambu ze-asidi eziseleyo zidibanisa kunye ne-hydrogen ions emhlabeni ukuze zenze i-asidi, eya kwandisa i-asidi kunye nokwandisa ukuxutywa komhlaba.Ukuba ixutywe ne-organic fertilizer, inokuphucula amandla okuphazamisa umhlaba, ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo i-pH, ukwenzela ukuba i-asidi yomhlaba inganyuki.
5. Ukusetyenziswa okuxubileyo kwe-organic fertilizer kunye ne-chemical fertilizer kunokubonelela nge-vitality ye-microorganisms, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza ukubola kwe-organic fertilizer.Imisebenzi ye-microorganisms yomhlaba inokuvelisa iivithamini, i-biotin, i-nicotinic acid, njl., ukwandisa izondlo zomhlaba, ukuphucula impilo yomhlaba, kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo.
Ukucinga kunye noKhetho lwezoLimo zale mihla
Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezixhobo zezolimo, ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi eziphilayo kuphela akukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezondlo zezityalo eziphezulu.Ke ngoko, izichumisi zendalo kunye nezichumisi zeekhemikhali kufuneka zidityaniswe kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwezichumisi, kwaye iingenelo zazo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zisetyenziselwe ukufezekisa eyona mpembelelo ilungileyo yokunyusa imveliso yezityalo kunye nengeniso.Ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezityalo zokutya kunye neziqhamo kunye nezityalo zemifuno, ngokwesivuno sesityalo, umgangatho kunye nolindelo lwexabiso kunye nokuchuma komhlaba olimekayo, kufuneka ngokuqhubekayo sishwankathele amava kunye nokumisela umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwenzululwazi, efanelekileyo kunye nesebenzayo yesichumiso sendalo kunye nesichumisi sekhemikhali. ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zezolimo zinokufumana inzuzo eninzi yeZiphumo.
Ukuziphendulela: Inxalenye yedatha kweli nqaku yereferensi kuphela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-16-2021