Inkqubo yegranulation yesichumiso

Inkqubo yokugaya izichumisi linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwezichumisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu.Kubandakanya ukuguqula imathiriyeli ekrwada ibe yigranules ekulula ukuyiphatha, ukuyigcina, kunye nokuyisebenzisa.Izichumisi ezifakwe kwigranulated zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuhanjiswa okuphuculweyo kwezakhamzimba, ukuncitshiswa kwelahleko yezondlo, kunye nokuthathwa kwezityalo okuphuculweyo.

Inqanaba 1: Ukulungiswa kweMathiriyeli ekrwada
Inqanaba lokuqala lenkqubo yegranulation yesichumiso ibandakanya ukulungiswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada.Oku kubandakanya ukukhangela kunye nokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ngokusekwe kwisakhiwo esifunwayo sezondlo kunye neempawu zomzimba.Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokwenziwa kwezichumisi ziquka imithombo yenitrogen (efana ne-urea okanye i-ammonium nitrate), imithombo ye-phosphorus (efana ne-phosphate rock okanye i-phosphoric acid), kunye nemithombo ye-potassium (efana ne-potassium chloride okanye i-potassium sulfate).Ezinye i-micronutrients kunye nezongezo zinokubandakanywa ekuqulunqweni.

Inqanaba 2: Ukuxuba kunye nokudibanisa
Emva kokuba izinto eziluhlaza zikhethiwe, zifumana inkqubo yokuxuba kunye nokudibanisa.Oku kuqinisekisa ukusasazwa okulinganayo kwezondlo kumxube wesichumiso.Ukuxuba kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezinje nge-rotary drum mixers, i-paddle mixers, okanye abaxube abathe tye.Injongo kukufumana umxube ongaguqukiyo obonelela ngeprofayili yezondlo ezilungeleleneyo zesondlo esisiso sezityalo.

Inqanaba lesi-3: Igranulation
Inqanaba le-granulation kulapho izinto ezixubeneyo zesichumisi ziguqulwa zibe yi-granules.Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zegranulation ezikhoyo, kubandakanywa:

I-Drum Granulation: Kule ndlela, umxube wesichumisi uthanjiswa kwigranulator ejikelezayo.Njengoko igubu lijikeleza, izinto eziphathekayo zibambelela kumphezulu kwaye zenze iigranules ngokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yokuqengqeleka, i-agglomeration, kunye nokwandiswa kobukhulu.Iigranules ke zomiswa ukususa ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza.

I-Extrusion Granulation: I-Extrusion granulation ibandakanya ukunyanzelisa umxube wesichumiso nge-extruder, equlethe i-die kunye nobukhulu obuthile bomngxuma kunye neemilo.Uxinzelelo kunye nemikhosi yokucheba ibangela ukuba izinto zenze i-cylindrical okanye i-spherical granules njengoko ikhutshelwa ngokufa.Iigranuli ziye zomiswa emva koko ukuze kufikelelwe kwisiqulatho sokufuma esifunekayo.

Ukutshiza iGranulation: Kwi-spray granulation, iinxalenye ezingamanzi zomxube wesichumiso, njengesisombululo se-urea okanye i-phosphoric acid, i-athomu ibe ngamathontsi amahle.La mathontsi athi ke atshizwe kwigumbi lokomisa apho athi aqina abe ziigranule ngokuphuma kolwelo lube ngumphunga.Iigranules ezibangelwayo zomiswa ngakumbi ukuze zifikelele kwinqanaba elifunekayo lokufuma.

Inqanaba lesi-4: Ukomisa kunye nokuPholisa
Emva kwenkqubo ye-granulation, i-granules esanda kwakhiwa iyomiswa kwaye ipholile ukuphucula ukuzinza kunye nokukhusela i-caking.Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokomisa kunye nokupholisa ezifana nezomisi ezijikelezayo okanye izixhobo zokupholisa iibhedi ezimanzi.Inkqubo yokomisa isusa umswakama obuninzi, ngelixa inkqubo yokupholisa inciphisa ukushisa kweegranules ngaphambi kokupakishwa okanye ukuqhutyelwa phambili.

Izinto eziluncedo kwizichumiso ezixutyiweyo:

Ukukhutshwa okuLawulwayo kweZondlo: Izichumisi ze-Granulated zingayilwa ukukhulula izondlo ngokuthe ngcembe, ukubonelela ngesondlo esizinzileyo kwizityalo kwixesha elide.Oku kukhuthaza ukufunyanwa kwezondlo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza okanye ukuqengqeleka kwezondlo.

Ukusasazwa okulinganayo kwezondlo: Inkqubo yegranulation iqinisekisa ukuba izondlo zisasazwa ngokulinganayo kwigranule nganye.Oku kuvumela ukufumaneka kwesondlo okungaguquguqukiyo kunye nokuthathwa zizityalo, okukhokelela ekukhuleni okufanayo kwesityalo kunye nokuphuculwa kwesivuno.

Ukuphathwa okuPhuculweyo kunye nokuSetyenziswa: Izichumisi ze-granulated ziye zaphucula iimpawu zomzimba, ezifana nokunyuka koxinano kunye nokunciphisa uthuli.Ezi mpawu zenza kube lula ukuphatha, ukuthutha, kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo zokusasaza, okukhokelela ekufakweni kwesichumisi esichanekileyo kunye nesisebenzayo.

Ukunciphisa Ukulahleka Kwezondlo: Izichumisi ze-Granulated zine-solubility ephantsi xa kuthelekiswa ne-powdered or crystalline fertilizers.Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko welahleko yezondlo ngokukhupha okanye ukuguquguquka, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye ephezulu yezondlo ezisetyenzisiweyo ziyafumaneka kwizityalo.

Inkqubo yokugaya izichumisi idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni izinto ezikrwada zibe zizichumisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu.Ngokusebenzisa izigaba ezifana nokulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukuxuba kunye nokudibanisa, i-granulation, kunye nokomisa kunye nokupholisa, inkqubo idala i-uniform, i-granules elawulwayo ekhutshweyo kunye nokusabalalisa izondlo eziphuculweyo kunye neempawu zokuphatha eziphuculweyo.Izichumisi zegranulated zinika izibonelelo ezifana nokukhutshwa kwezondlo ezilawulwayo, ukuhanjiswa kwesondlo esifanayo, ukukhululeka kokuphatha, kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko yezondlo.